I-FERODO yasungulwa eNgilandi ngo-1897 futhi yenza i-brake pad yokuqala emhlabeni ngo-1897. 1995, isabelo semakethe sokuqala esifakiwe emhlabeni cishe esingama-50%, ukukhiqizwa kwemakethe yokuqala emhlabeni.U-FERODO-FERODO ungumqalisi kanye nosihlalo we-world friction material standard association FMSI.I-FERODO-FERODO manje isiwuhlobo lwe-FEDERAL-MOGUL, e-USA.I-FERODO inezitshalo ezingaphezu kwama-20 emazweni angaphezu kwama-20 emhlabeni jikelele, ngokuzimela noma ngokuhlanganyela noma ngaphansi kwelayisensi yobunikazi.
I-TRW Automotive, enekomkhulu e-Livonia, e-Michigan, e-U.S.A., ingumnikezeli ohamba phambili emhlabeni wonke wezinhlelo zokuphepha kwezimoto enabasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-63,000 emazweni angaphezu kuka-25 futhi idayiswa ngamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-12.6 ngo-2005. I-SkyTeam ikhiqiza imikhiqizo nezinhlelo zokuphepha ezisebenzayo nezingenzi lutho. yamabhuleki, ukuqondisa, ukumiswa, nokuphepha kwabagibeli futhi inikeza imisebenzi ye-aftermarket.
I-MK Kashiyama Corp. ingumkhiqizi ohamba phambili wezingxenye zamabhuleki ezimoto e-Japan.uhlobo lwe-MK lujabulela isabelo semakethe esikhulu kunazo zonke emakethe yokulungisa yasekhaya yase-Japan futhi izingxenye zalo zamabhuleki ezithembeke kakhulu zihlinzekwa futhi zamukelwe kahle ezimakethe zase-Japanese nezasemhlabeni jikelele.
Ngo-1948, abakhiqizi bempahla yokushayisana kwezimoto ngemuva kwemakethe basungula inhlangano yemboni ebizwa ngokuthi i-World Friction Material Standards Association.Kusungulwe isistimu yokubhala ikhodi esezingeni yokuthengisa ngemuva kwezimoto.Imikhiqizo embozwe yile sistimu ihlanganisa izingxenye zesistimu yamabhuleki ezimoto kanye nama-clutch facings.ENyakatho Melika, izinga lekhodi ye-FMSI lisetshenziselwa zonke izimoto ezisetshenziswa emgwaqeni.
Uhlelo lwezinombolo lwe-WVA lwasungulwa yi-German Friction Materials Industry Association, ese-Cologne, eJalimane.Le nhlangano ise-Cologne, eJalimane, futhi iyilungu le-FEMFM - Federation of European Manufacturers of Friction Materials.
I-ATE yasungulwa ngo-1906 futhi kamuva yahlanganiswa ne-Continental AG eJalimane.Imikhiqizo ye-ATE ihlanganisa lonke uhlelo lokubhuleka, okuhlanganisa: amaphampu ayinhloko wamabhuleki, amaphampu amabhuleki, ama-brake disc, ama-brake pads, ama-brake hoses, i-booster, ama-brake caliper, ama-brake fluids, izinzwa zesivinini samasondo, amasistimu e-ABS kanye ne-ESP.
Isungulwe iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu, i-Spanish Wearmaster ingumkhiqizi ohamba phambili wezingxenye zamabhuleki ezimotweni namuhla.Ngo-1997, inkampani yatholwa yi-LUCAS, kwathi ngo-1999 yaba yingxenye ye-TRW Group chassis system ngenxa yokutholwa kwayo yonke inkampani ye-LUCAS yi-TRW Group.E-China, ngo-2008, i-Wear Resistant yaba umhlinzeki okhethekile wama-disc brake pad ku-China National Heavy Duty Truck.
I-TEXTAR ingenye yemikhiqizo ye-TMD.Yasungulwa ngo-1913, i-TMD Friction Group ingomunye wabahlinzeki abakhulu be-OE eYurophu.Amabhuleki e-TEXTAR akhiqizwayo ahlolwa ngokuhambisana ngokugcwele nezinkambiso namazinga embonini yezimoto namabhuleki, anezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-20 zokusebenza kokubhuleka okuhlobene nokushayela okufakiwe esivivinyweni, kanye nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-50 zezinto zokuhlola kuphela.
Yasungulwa ngo-1948 e-Essen, eJalimane, i-PAGID ingomunye wabakhiqizi abahamba phambili nabandala bezinto zokungqubuzana eYurophu.Ngo-1981, i-PAGID yaba yilungu leqembu le-Rütgers Automotive kanye noCosid, uFrendo noCobreq.Namuhla, leli qembu liyingxenye ye-TMD (Textar, Mintex, Don).
I-JURID, njenge-Bendix, iwuphawu lwe-Honeywell Friction Materials GmbH.I-JURID brake pads akhiqizwa eJalimane, ikakhulukazi iMercedes-Benz, BMW, Volkswagen ne-Audi.
Bendix, noma “Bendix”.Ibhreki yebhuleki ehlonishwa kakhulu ye-Honeywell.Njengoba inabasebenzi abangaphezu kwe-1,800 emhlabeni wonke, inkampani ikomkhulu e-Ohio, e-USA, nesikhungo sayo esikhulu sokukhiqiza e-Australia.I-Bendix inomugqa ogcwele wemikhiqizo esetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zamabhuleki ezimotweni zezindiza, ezentengiselwano nezabagibeli.I-Bendix inikeza imikhiqizo ehlukene yemikhuba yokushayela ehlukene noma amamodeli.Amabhuleki e-Bendix ayi-OEM agunyazwe ama-OEM amakhulu.
Amabhuleki e-FBK azalelwa e-Japan ekuqaleni futhi akhiqizwa inkampani yangaphambili ye-joint venture (Malaysia) ye-MK KASHIYAMA CORP. futhi manje angaphansi kwe-LEK Group yase-Malaysia.Ngamamodeli womkhiqizo angaphezu kwe-1,500, i-disc brake pads ngayinye, ama-drum brake pads, ama-brake pads, ama-drum tellurium pads kanye nezinsimbi zensimbi zingasetshenziswa kabanzi ezimotweni ezidumile emhlabeni, futhi yonke imikhiqizo yakhelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezingxenye zokuqala.
I-Delphi (i-DELPHI) ingumnikezeli ohamba phambili emhlabeni wonke wezinto ze-elekthronikhi zezimoto nezimoto kanye nobuchwepheshe bezinhlelo.Iphothifoliyo yomkhiqizo wayo ihlanganisa amandla, i-propulsion, ukushintshanisa ukushisa, ingaphakathi, ugesi, amasistimu kagesi kanye nokuphepha, ahlanganisa cishe zonke izindawo ezinkulu zemboni yesimanje yezingxenye zezimoto, ehlinzeka amakhasimende ngezixazululo ezibanzi zomkhiqizo nesistimu.Ikomkhulu le-DELPHI lihlala eTroy, eMichigan, e-USA, linendlunkulu yesifunda eParis, eFrance, eTokyo, eJapan naseSao Paulo, eBrazil.I-DELPHI manje isiqashe cishe abantu abayi-184,000 emhlabeni jikelele.
Njengomkhiqizo ohamba phambili wokungqubuzana cishe iminyaka eyi-100, i-Mintex isibe yigama elifanayo lekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yamabhuleki.Namuhla, iMintex iyingxenye ye-TMD Friction Friction Group.Ibanga lomkhiqizo weMintex lihlanganisa amabhuleki angu-1,500, izicathulo zamabhuleki ezingaphezu kuka-300, ama-brake discs angaphezu kuka-1,000, ama-brake hub angu-100, nezinye izinhlelo zamabhuleki noketshezi.
I-ACdelco, inkampani enkulu emhlabeni wonke ehlinzeka ngezinsimbi zezimoto nenkampani engaphansi kweGeneral Motors, isineminyaka engaphezu kuka-80 isebhizinisini, ihlinzeka amakhasimende ngamabhuleki asebenza kahle kakhulu nezicathulo zamabhuleki, kanye nama-brake discs nezigubhu.Amaphedi amabhuleki e-ACdelco nezicathulo ezinensimbi ephansi, amafomula angenayo i-asbestos agcotshwe ngokukhethekile ngempushana, kanti ama-ACdelco brake discs nezigubhu ezinensimbi empunga yekhwalithi ephezulu zinokungagugi kahle nokuhlakazeka okukhulu kokudlidliza, futhi abhalansi futhi alinganiswe ngamabhuleki amahle. …
Ibhuleki (SB), njengemakethe yokuqala yamabhuleki ezimoto yaseKorea, iHyundai, Kia, GM, Daewoo, Renault, Samsung nezinye izinkampani eziningi zezimoto ezisekelayo.Kanye nokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kwemboni yezimoto yaseKorea, asizange nje sisungule izitshalo ezihlanganyelwayo nezimboni zendawo eShayina futhi sathumela nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza amabhuleki e-disc eNdiya, kodwa sibeke isisekelo sokuphatha umhlaba wonke ngemigqa yethu yokuthekelisa ehlukahlukene emakethe yomhlaba wonke. .
I-Bosch (BOSCH) Group yinkampani edumile yamazwe ngamazwe, enye yezinkampani eziphezulu ezingu-500 emhlabeni, eyasungulwa nguMnu. Robert Bosch eStuttgart, eJalimane ngo-1886. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-120 yentuthuko, i-Bosch Group isibe inkampani yezimoto emhlabeni wonke. inhlangano yocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kanye nomkhiqizi omkhulu wezinto zezimoto.Uhlu lwemikhiqizo yeQembu luhlanganisa: ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bezimoto, okokusebenza kwezimoto, izingxenye zezimoto, izinhlelo zokuxhumana, amasistimu omsakazo nethrafikhi, izinhlelo zokuphepha, amathuluzi kagesi, izinto zikagesi zasendlini, izinto zasekhishini, ukupakisha kanye nezishintshayo, ubuchwepheshe obushisayo, njll.
(I-HONEYWELL) ingumkhiqizi ohamba phambili emhlabeni wezinto zokungqubuzana, izinhlobo zayo ezimbili ze-Bendix brake pads kanye ne-JURID brake pads, esidumeni salo mkhakha.Abakhiqizi bezimoto abahamba phambili emhlabeni, okuhlanganisa iMercedes-Benz, BMW kanye ne-Audi, bakhethe amabhuleki e-Honeywell njengempahla yabo yokuqala.Amakhasimende e-OEM asekhaya amanje asekela amakhasimende ahlanganisa i-Honda, i-Hishiki, i-Mitsubishi, i-Citroen, i-Iveco, i-DaimlerChrysler ne-Nissan.
I-ICER, inkampani yaseSpain, yasungulwa ngo-1961. Umholi womhlaba ocwaningweni nasekukhiqizeni izinto ezingqubuzanayo, i-ICER Group ibilokhu igxile ekunikezeni amakhasimende ayo uhla olubanzi kakhulu lwemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu, kanye nenkonzo engcono kakhulu, futhi njalo. ukuthuthukisa imikhiqizo yayo.
I-Valeo ingumkhiqizi wesibili omkhulu wezingxenye zezimoto eYurophu.I-Valeo iyiqembu lezimboni elikhethekile ekwakhiweni, ekuthuthukisweni, ekukhiqizeni nasekukhangiseni kwezingxenye zezimoto, amasistimu namamojula.Le nkampani ingumnikezeli ohamba phambili emhlabeni wezingxenye zezimoto zazo zonke izimboni ezinkulu zezimoto emhlabeni, kokubili ebhizinisini lemishini yokuqala kanye nemakethe yakamuva.U-Valeo ubelokhu etshala imali ocwaningweni, ekuthuthukisweni nasekuhloleni izinto ezintsha zokungqubuzana ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemakethe zokusebenza kwemoto, ukwethembeka, ukunethezeka kanye, ngaphezu kwakho konke, nokuphepha.
I-ABS iwuphawu lwebhuleki edume kakhulu eNetherlands.Sekungamashumi amathathu eminyaka, yaziwa eNetherlands njengochwepheshe emkhakheni wamabhuleki pads.Njengamanje, lesi simo sesisabalele nangaphandle kwemingcele yezwe.Uphawu lwesitifiketi se-ISO 9001 lwe-ABS lusho ukuthi ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yayo yanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zekhwalithi cishe zawo wonke amazwe ase-Europe.
I-NECTO iwuhlobo lwefekthri ye-FERODO yesi-Spanish.Ngamandla amabhuleki e-FERODO njengophawu lokuqala emhlabeni, ikhwalithi ye-NECTO nokusebenza kwemakethe akukubi.
Inkampani yaseBrithani EBC yasungulwa ngo-1978 futhi ingeyeBritish Freeman Automotive Group.Njengamanje, inamafekthri angu-3 emhlabeni, futhi inethiwekhi yokuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo yayo ihlanganisa wonke amagumbi omhlaba, ngenzuzo yonyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-100 zamadola aseMelika.Ama-brake pads e-EBC wonke angeniswa kwamanye amazwe futhi angawokuqala emhlabeni ngokwemibandela ebekiwe namamodeli, futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni eminingi efana nezimoto, amaloli, izithuthuthu, izimoto ezingekho emgwaqeni, amabhayisikili asezintabeni, isitoko sikaloliwe esigingqikayo kanye namabhuleki ezimbonini.
I-NAPA (National Automotive Parts Association), eyasungulwa ngo-1928 futhi izinze e-Atlanta, GA, ingumkhiqizi, umhlinzeki kanye nomsabalalisi wezingxenye zezimoto, okuhlanganisa izingxenye zezimoto, imishini yokuhlola nokulungisa izimoto, amathuluzi, imikhiqizo yokulungisa nokunye okuhlobene ngokuzenzakalela. izimpahla.Ihambisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-200,000 zemikhiqizo yezingxenye zezimoto eYurophu, e-United States, Japan, Korea kanye namanye amamodeli asesimweni sochungechunge emhlabeni wonke i-Metalworking.com imise izikhungo zokusabalalisa ezingama-72 e-United States kuphela.
I-HAWK, inkampani yase-US ekomkhulu eCleveland, e-Ohio, eU.SA.uhlanganyela ekukhiqizeni nasekucwaningeni kwezinto zokungqubuzana kanye nemikhiqizo yempahla engqubuzanayo.Le nkampani iqashe abantu abangu-930 futhi inezindawo ezingu-12 zokukhiqiza nezokuthuthukisa kanye nezindawo zokuthengisa emazweni ayisikhombisa.…
I-AIMCO wuphawu lweqembu le-Affinia, elasungulwa ngo-December 1, 2004, e-Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.Yize kuyinkampani entsha, leli qembu lihlanganisa ndawonye izinhlobo eziningi ezigqama kakhulu embonini yezingxenye zezimoto.Lokhu kufaka phakathi: izihlungi ze-WIX®, amabhuleki ebhrendi e-Raybestos®, i-Brake Pro®, i-Raybestos® chassis components, i-AIMCO®, ne-WAGNER®.
I-Wagner yasungulwa ngo-1922 futhi manje isiyingxenye ye-Federal Mogul, uchwepheshe we-brake pad ohamba phambili emhlabeni owayesebenza ngokukhethekile ezingxenyeni ze-brake pad (kuhlanganise nezinsimbi ezingemuva nezinye izinto ezihlobene) kwaze kwaba ngu-1982. Imikhiqizo ka-Wagner yayihlinzekwa ikakhulukazi ama-OEM anezinkampani ezingaphezu kuka-75 kuhlanganise neVolvo. , NAPCO (Airport Engineering Coordinating Agency), Mack Truck, International Harvester Co.
Imithetho yokufaka ikhodi yomkhiqizo yezinkampani ezinkulu
I-FMSI:
Amadiski: DXXXX-XXXX
Isigubhu: SXXXX-XXXX
I-TRW:
Idiski: GDBXXX
Ucezu lwesigubhu: GSXXXXXX
U-FERODO
Idiski: FDBXXX
Ucezu lwesigubhu: FSBXXX
I-WVA NO:
I-DISC: 20xxx-26xxx
I-DELPHI:
I-Disc: LPXXXX (izinombolo ezintathu noma ezine zesi-Arabhu)
I-DRUM PLATE: LSXXXX (izinombolo ezintathu noma ezine zesi-Arabhu)
I-REMSA:
XX Amadijithi amane okuqala ngokuvamile ayizinombolo phakathi kuka-2000, ukuze kuhlukaniswe izigubhu.
Ishidi lesigubhu: XXXX.XX Amadijithi amane okuqala ngokuvamile ayizinombolo ngemva kuka-4000, ukuze kuhlukaniseke kudiski.
Japanese MK:
I-Disc: DXXXXM
Ishidi lesigubhu: KXXXX
I-MINTEX NO.
I-Disc MDBXXXX
I-Drum Piece MFRXXX
Sangsin NO:
Ucezu Lwediski:SPXXXX
Ishidi lesigubhu:SAXXX
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-22-2022