Enziwa kuphi Ama-Brake Discs?

Uma uke wazibuza ukuthi ama-brake disc enziwa kuphi, lesi sihloko singakusiza ukuthi uqonde le ngxenye ebalulekile yezimoto.Ama-brake discs enziwe ngezinto eziningi ezahlukene.Ezinye zalezi zinto zifaka insimbi, i-ceramic composite, i-carbon fiber, ne-cast iron.Funda kabanzi mayelana nalezi zinsiza ukuze uqonde ukuthi zenziwe kanjani.Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi ukuhlomele kangcono ukwenza isinqumo unolwazi mayelana nomkhiqizo okudingeka uwuthenge.Futhi, sizochaza umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinto kanye nokuthi zisebenza kanjani.

Insimbi

Uma ufuna i-steel brake disc, usufike endaweni efanele.Akukhona nje ukuthi lawa madiski asebenza kahle, futhi ayathengeka kakhulu.Ama-brake discs ensimbi enziwa kusetshenziswa insimbi yokusungula, engamelana ne-hydrochloric acid.Abasunguli bamanje basebenzisa le nsimbi ukuze benze ama-brake discs anezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuqina kanye nokumelana nokuhuzuka.Ama-alloys asetshenziswa kuma-brake discs ensimbi asekelwe kukhabhoni, i-chromium, ne-silicon, okuyinikeza ukuqina okuhle kakhulu.

Inhlanganisela yama-alloys amabili inemiphumela ebalulekile ekusebenzeni okuphelele kwama-brake discs.Isendlalelo esiphezulu se-A357/SiC AMMC sikhulisa ubude, kuyilapho ukucutshungulwa kokunyakaza kwe-friction kulungisa izinhlayiya eziphakathi kwe-intermetallic ukuze kuncishiswe ukuqhekeka.Lesi sici sinamandla amakhulu kakhulu okudonsa, ahlinzeka ngokuqina okudingwa umzimba we-brake disc.Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani nensimbi, ama-disc composite hybrid anokumelana kangcono nokugqoka.Ifaneleka kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho kudingeka ukumelana nokugqoka ngokweqile.

Ama-brake discs ensimbi nawo amelana kakhulu nokugqwala kunama-brake pads.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ishibhile kunezinye izindlela.Ungonga imali eningi ngokuthenga ama-brake disc amasha sha.Amadiski amabhuleki ensimbi angahlala isikhathi eside anemibhede efanele.Le nqubo izoqinisekisa ukuhamba kahle kwebhuleki futhi izovimbela noma yiluphi uhlobo lomonakalo ukuba lungenzeki.Kodwa, akukho ngaphandle kokushiyeka kwayo.Isibonelo, uma unediski ene-cementite inclusions, kungase kungenzeki ukuyilungisa kabusha.

Izinto ezisetshenziswa kuma-brake discs ensimbi kufanele futhi zenziwe kusukela ku-ceramics ekwazi ukumelana nomonakalo oshisayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlayiya ze-ceramic kufanele futhi zibe abaqhubi abahle bokushisa.Izinga lokudlulisa ukushisa linquma izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lendawo yokuxhumana yediski.Uma uthenga i-steel brake disc entsha, ungathola newaranti yayo uma ufuna ukuyishintsha.Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani i-steel brake disc ingaba yisinqumo esingcono.

Inhlanganisela ye-Ceramic

Ikusasa lama-ceramic brake discs liqhakazile.Lawa ma-disc anamandla okuthuthukisa ukonga uphethiloli ngenkathi ngesikhathi esifanayo ehlisa amabanga okuma.Ukuze kuthuthukiswe lawa mabhuleki, kudingeka uhlelo olubanzi lokuhlola emgwaqweni nasethrekhi.Phakathi nale nqubo, umthwalo oshisayo obekwe kwi-disc brake ulinganiswa ngezindlela ezingokwenyama namakhemikhali.Imiphumela yokusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ingabuyiseleka emuva noma ingenakuhlehliswa kuye ngohlobo lwephedi yokubhuleka nezimo zokusebenza.

Okubi kuma-CMCs ukuthi njengamanje ayabiza.Kodwa-ke, naphezu kokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu, azivamile ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni ezithengiswa ngobuningi.Nakuba impahla eluhlaza esetshenziswayo ingabizi, izindleko zisaphezulu, futhi njengoba ama-CMC ezuza ukuduma, amanani kufanele ehle.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-CMC akhiqiza ukushisa okuncane kuphela, futhi ukunwetshwa okushisayo kwama-brake disc kungawenza buthaka impahla.Ukuqhekeka kungase kwenzeke nangaphezulu, okubangela ukuba i-brake disc ingasebenzi.

Kodwa-ke, ama-carbon-ceramic brake discs abiza kakhulu.Ukukhiqizwa kwalawa madiski kungathatha izinsuku ezingama-20.Lawa ma-brake discs alula kakhulu, okuhlanganisa nezimoto ezingasindi.Nakuba ama-carbon-ceramic brake discs angase angabi inketho ekahle yazo zonke izimoto, imvelo engasindi futhi eqinile yezinto ezibonakalayo iwenza abe inketho enhle ezimotweni ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.Ngokuvamile, intengo ye-ceramic composite discs cishe isigamu sezindleko zamadiski ensimbi.

Amadiski e-Carbon-carbon brake ayabiza, futhi umonakalo ukhathaza lawa mabhuleki.Amadiski e-ceramic ekhabhoni ayanwebeka kakhulu, futhi abakhiqizi batusa ukuthi uwaphehle lawa madiski ngento evikelayo.Amanye amakhemikhali anemininingwane yezimoto nezihlanzi zamasondo amakhemikhali zingalimaza amadiski e-carbon ceramic.Amadiski e-Carbon Ceramic nawo angaklwebha futhi enze ama-carbon splinters akhe esikhumbeni sakho.Futhi uma unganakile, i-carbon-ceramic disc ingaphelela emathangeni akho.

Insimbi

Inqubo ye-zinc coating cast iron brake discs ayintsha.Phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, i-disc ihlanzwa ngensimbi epholile ye-angular grit futhi ungqimba lwe-zinc lusetshenziswa.Le nqubo yaziwa ngokuthi i-sherardizing.Kule nqubo, i-arc kagesi incibilikisa impushana ye-zinc noma ucingo esigubhu bese iyifaka endaweni yediski.Kuthatha cishe amahora ama-2 ukumisa i-brake disc.Ubukhulu bayo buyi-intshi engu-10.6 ububanzi ngo-1/2 intshi ubukhulu.Ama-brake pads azosebenza ku-2.65 inch yangaphandle yediski.

Nakuba ama-cast iron brake discs esasetshenziswa ukwenza ezinye izimoto, abakhiqizi baya ngokuya befuna ezinye izinto zokwenza le mikhiqizo.Isibonelo, izingxenye zebhuleki ezingasindi zinganika amandla ukubhuleka okuphakeme futhi kwehlise isisindo semoto.Nokho, inani labo lingase liqhathaniswe namabhuleki ensimbi.Inhlanganisela yezinto ezintsha iyindlela enhle kakhulu yokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli wemoto nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwayo.Okubhalwe ngezansi ezinye zezinzuzo zama-aluminium-based brake discs.

Ngokwesifunda, imakethe yomhlaba wonke yama-cast iron brake discs ihlukaniswe izifunda ezintathu ezinkulu: iNyakatho Melika, iYurophu kanye ne-Asia Pacific.EYurophu, imakethe iphinde ihlukaniswe yiFrance, iJalimane, i-Italy, iSpain kanye ne-Europe yonke.E-Asia-Pacific, imakethe yama-cast iron brake discs ilinganiselwa ukuthi izokhula ku-CAGR engaphezu kuka-20% ngo-2023. IMpumalanga Ephakathi ne-Afrika kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngesivinini esisheshayo eminyakeni ezayo, nge-CAGR cishe engama-30%. .Njengoba imboni yezimoto ikhula, amazwe ezomnotho asafufusa aya ngokuya ethenga amasondo amabili.

Ngaphandle kwezinzuzo zamadiski e-aluminium brake, ama-cast iron brake discs anobubi obumbalwa.I-aluminium ehlanzekile iqinile futhi inokumelana nokugqokwa okuphansi kakhulu, kodwa ama-alloys angathuthukisa ukusebenza kwayo.Ama-aluminum brake discs angahlala iminyaka eminingi, ehlisa isisindo esingaphumi ngamaphesenti angama-30 kuya kumaphesenti angamashumi ayisikhombisa.Futhi ayisindi, ayabiza, futhi ayagaywa kabusha.Ziyindlela engcono kunama-cast iron brake discs.

I-carbon fiber

Ngokungafani nama-brake discs endabuko, ama-carbon-carbon angakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu.Izendlalelo zezinto ezilukiwe nezisekelwe ku-fiber ziyivumela ukuthi imelane nokwanda okushisayo ngenkathi isengasindi.Lezi zakhiwo ziyenza ilungele ama-brake discs, avame ukusetshenziswa ochungechungeni lwemijaho nezindiza.Kodwa kukhona ne-downsides.Uma ufuna ukujabulela izinzuzo zama-carbon-fiber brake discs, kufanele wazi kancane mayelana nenqubo yawo yokukhiqiza.

Nakuba ama-carbon brake discs anezinzuzo eziningi emzileni womjaho, awakulungele ukushayela kwansuku zonke.Azikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa omgwaqo futhi i-prototype carbon disc ilahlekelwa ngamamilimitha amathathu kuya kwamane ogqinsi emahoreni angu-24 okusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo.Ama-Carbon discs nawo adinga ukumbozwa okukhethekile ukuvimbela i-oxidation eshisayo, engabangela ukugqwala okukhulu.Futhi, ama-carbon discs nawo anethegi yamanani aphezulu.Uma ufuna idiski eqinile, yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-carbon brake, cabanga ngeyodwa ehamba phambili emhlabeni.

Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zokonga isisindo, ama-carbon-ceramic brake discs nawo ahlala isikhathi eside.Azohlala isikhathi eside kunama-brake discs ajwayelekile futhi angahlala impilo yemoto.Uma ungashayeli nsuku zonke, uzokwazi ukusebenzisa i-carbon-ceramic brake disc amashumi eminyaka.Eqinisweni, i-carbon ceramic discs ibhekwa njengeqinile kakhulu kunama-brake discs endabuko, naphezu kwentengo yawo ephakeme.

I-coefficient ye-friction yama-carbon-ceramic brake discs iphezulu kunaleyo yama-cast-iron disc, yehlisa isikhathi sokuvula amabhuleki ngamaphesenti ayishumi.Umehluko wamafidi ayishumi ungasindisa izimpilo zabantu, futhi uvimbele ukulimala komzimba wemoto.Ngokubhuleka okukhethekile, i-carbon-ceramic disc ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwemoto.Ngeke kusize umshayeli kuphela, kodwa futhi kuzothuthukisa nokuphepha kwemoto.

i-phenolic resin

I-phosphoric resin wuhlobo lwezinto ezisetshenziswa kuma-brake discs.Izakhiwo zayo ezinhle zokuhlanganisa ne-fiber ziyenza ibe indawo enhle kakhulu ye-asbestos.Ngokuya ngephesenti le-phenolic resin, ama-brake discs angaba nzima futhi acindezeleke kakhulu.Lezi zici zingasetshenziswa ukufaka esikhundleni se-asbestos kuma-brake discs.Idisc ye-phenolic resin brake yekhwalithi ephezulu ingahlala impilo yonke, okusho ukuthi izindleko zokushintshwa eziphansi.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-phenolic resin kuma-brake discs.Enye i-resin ye-thermosetting kanti enye i-non-polar, into engasebenzi.Zombili izinhlobo ze-resin zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-brake discs nama-pads.I-phenolic resin isetshenziswa kuma-brake pads ngoba ibola cishe ku-450 ° C, kuyilapho i-polyester resin ibola ku-250-300 ° C.

Inani kanye nohlobo lwe-binder kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kokungqubuzana kwe-phenolic resin brake disc.I-phenolic resin ngokuvamile ayimelani nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kunezinye izinto, kodwa ingenziwa iqine kakhulu ngezithasiselo ezithile.Isibonelo, i-phenolic resin ingashintshwa ngoketshezi lwegobolondo le-cashew nut ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubulukhuni bayo kanye ne-friction coefficient ku-100°.Ukuphakama kwephesenti le-CNSL, kuyayehlisa i-coefficient yokungqubuzana.Kodwa-ke, ukuqina kokushisa kwe-resin kwanda, futhi amazinga okufiphala nokululama ancishiswa.

Ukugqoka kokuqala kubangela ukuthi izinhlayiya ziphume ku-resin futhi zakhe ithafa eliyinhloko.Leli thafa eliyinhloko liwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwezinto ezishayisanayo.Lena inqubo eguquguqukayo, lapho imicu yensimbi kanye nezinhlayiya zethusi eziqinile eziqinile eziqinile eziqinile zithintana nediski.Lezi zinhlayiya zinenani lokuqina elidlula ubulukhuni bediski.Ithafa liphinde lithande ukuqoqa izinhlayiya zokugqoka ze-micrometric kanye ne-submicrometric.